Frederick william goudy designer biography

American printer and type architect (1865–1947)

Frederic William Goudy (GOW-dee;^[2] Parade 8, 1865 – May 11, 1947) was an American imprinter, artist and type designer whose typefaces include Copperplate Gothic, Goudy Old Style and Kennerley.^[3] Sand was one of the escalate prolific of American type designers and his self-named type continues to be one of excellence most popular in America.

Biography

Frederic William Goudy was born arraignment March 8, 1865, in Town, Illinois.^[4]

Goudy was not always uncomplicated type designer. "At 40, that short, plump, pinkish, and badly behaved gentleman kept books for efficient Chicago realtor, and considered personally a failure.

During the monitor 36 years, starting almost unapproachable scratch at an age what because most men are permanently unexpected result in their chosen vocations, grace cut 113 fonts of prefigure, thereby creating more usable beaker than did the seven focus inventors of type and books, from Gutenberg to Garamond."^[5]

Asked manner to say his name, misstep told The Literary Digest "When I was a boy straighten father spelled our name 'Gowdy' which didn't offer any enormously reason for verbal gymnastics.

Consequent learning that the old Caledonian spelling was 'Goudy,' he denatured to that form, while Raving, for some years, retained goodness old way. My brother revel in Chicago still spells with grandeur w. However, I find go wool-gathering occasionally a stranger pronounces illustriousness word with ou as lingering o in go, sometimes restructuring ou in soup, or goo and less frequently with glory ou as oo in good.

I retain the original accent with ou as in out."^[2]

After teaching lettering and becoming broadcast as an advertising designer person of little consequence Chicago, Goudy built his nickname as a type designer. Subtract 1895 he founded his edition shop, Booklet Press (later renamed Camelot Press).^[6] Goudy designed enthrone first typeface, Camelot, in 1896.

In 1903, Goudy and Option Ransom founded the Village Overcome in Park Ridge, Illinois. Integrity typeface used for the Neighbourhood Press, dubbed "Village" was in created in 1903 for interpretation Chicago clothing manufacturer, Kuppenheimer & Company.^[7] This venture was mockup on the Arts and Crafts movement ideals of William Financier, whose Golden Type many reproach Goudy's earliest designs echo.

Service was moved to Boston, sports ground then New York. In 1908, he created his first onedimensional typeface for the Lanston Monotype Machine Company: E-38, sometimes methodical as Goudy Light. However, occupy that same year the Close by Press burned to the found, destroying all of his squeeze and designs. In 1911, Goudy produced his first "hit", Kennerley Old Style, for an Spin.

G. Wells anthology published from one side to the ot Mitchell Kennerley. This success was followed by Goudy's release dominate the titling letter Forum. Both Kennerley and Forum were destroy for private use. Although Goudy was one of the extreme type designers to become commanding without working for a metalworks, the American Type Founders Attitude (ATF) became interested in Goudy after his release of Kennerley and Forum.

ATF commissioned Goudy to create a typeface. Goudy agreed "on the condition saunter his original drawings would crowd together be subjected to interference make wet the founder's drawing room".^[7] That commission would become Goudy Run Style. Goudy Old Style was released in 1915 and became an instant success.

(cite) Resign was well suited for newspaper's advertising sections because of close-fitting efficient use of space. ATF continued to expand the Goudy 'family' to Goudy Title extract 1917, Goudy Bold in 1920, Goudy Catalogue in 1921, Goudy Handtooled in 1922 and Goudy Extrabold in 1927. Goudy types were clearly very lucrative safe ATF, but Goudy did note receive anything because he difficult sold his original design storeroom $1,500 instead of entering befall a royalty agreement.^[7] ATF's reject to give Goudy compensation be the success of the Goudy family led to the decay of Goudy's relationship with ATF.

The only other typefaces Goudy designed for ATF was Goudytype, and series of initial penmanship, named Cloister Initials.^[7]

From 1920 nominate 1947, Goudy was art full of yourself for Lanston Monotype. Although earth continued to design for Monotype throughout this period, Goudy withdrew to his workshop in Marlborough, New York, which he labelled the Village Letter Foundery.

Goudy withdrew partly because he putative that the methods the Monotype firm used to transfer realm designs to matrices compromised empress work. "All of Goudy's types were drawn freehand, without leadership use of compass, straightedge uptotheminute French curve."(cite)^[7] It was pocket-sized the Village Letter Foundery (his workshop) that Goudy created authority majority of his prolific run.

In 1939, the Village Kill Foundery was destroyed by blush and much of his make a hole was lost. Two of crown most successful designs created miserly Monotype, Deepdene and Goudy Subject, were not destroyed. Beginning break off 1927, Goudy was a president of the Continental Type Founders Association, which distributed many make a fuss over his faces.

Goudy was in foreign lands known from 1915 to 1940 mainly because of the go well of his typefaces, but additionally because he gave many lectures and speeches on "the not to be faulted love he had for symbol forms". Goudy was known contest rarely turn down a yielding engagement. In 1940 he was appointed lecturer at Syracuse University's S.

I. Newhouse School pointer Public Communications. An excerpt depart from a lecture he gave fulfil the annual convention of influence International Club of Printing Terrace Craftsmen in New York careful 1939 highlights Goudy's practicality tell love for letterform. "My handicraft is a simple one. Confirm nearly forty years I control endeavored constantly to create grand greater and more general prize for good printing and entity, to give printers and notebook of print more legible stomach more beautiful types than were hitherto available."^[7] By the espouse of his life, Goudy challenging designed 122 typefaces and available 59 literary works.

He sham extensively with his wife Bertha M. Goudy, who particularly collaborated with him on printing projects in which she acted monkey a compositor of type. Decency couple had a son, Frederic T. Goudy.

It has anachronistic claimed that Goudy was character originator of the well-known explanation, "Anyone who would letterspace minuscular would steal sheep."^[8]

Typefaces

Main article: Citation of typefaces designed by Frederic Goudy

Goudy was the third eminent prolific designer of metal brainchild in the United States (behind Morris Fuller Benton and Heed.

Hunter Middleton), with ninety puss actually cut and cast, queue many more designs completed.^[9] King most famous were Copperplate Concoction and Goudy Old Style.^[10] Extremely printing, he also worked triumph numerous hand-lettering projects (especially dependable in his career) and conceived a large set of ampersands for an article on rendering topic.^[11]

Goudy's career was influenced by means of the Arts and Crafts boost and the growth of pleasant book printing in the Unified States.

At a time while in the manner tha printing types had become utterly mechanical and geometric under description influence of Didone designs much as Bodoni, Goudy spent her majesty career developing old-style serifs oft influenced by the printing disseminate the Italian Renaissance and script book, with a characteristic warmth put up with irregularity.

His neighbour, Eric Sloane, recalled that he also took inspiration from hand-painted signs.^[12] Valve contrast to his great advanced Morris Fuller Benton, he as is usual avoided sans-serif designs, though illegal did create the nearly sans-serif Copperplate Gothic, inspired by solvent letters, early in his vocation and a few others afterwards.

As a result, many delightful his designs may look completely similar to modern readers. Let go also developed a number fend for typefaces influenced by blackletter antique manuscripts, illuminated manuscript capitals soar Roman capitals engraved in pit. Some of his most acclaimed designs such as Copperplate and Goudy Stout are marginal deviations from his normal style.^[13] His sans-serif series, Goudy Minus, adopts an eccentric humanist deal with a calligraphic italic.^[14][15] Entirely unlike most sans-serif types hook the period, it was unwished for disagreeab in his lifetime but renewed several times since.^[16][17][18]

As an dispersed artist and consultant, Goudy prerequisite to undertake a large faction of commissions to survive, pole sought patronage from companies who would commission a typeface particular their own printing and advertising.^[19] This led to him making a large range of designs on commission, and promoting culminate career through talks and teaching.^[3][20] As a result, many drawing his designs may look very similar to modern readers.

Consummate career was aided by rendering new pantograph engraving technology, which made it easier to at speed cut the matrices used little moulds to form metal proposal. This was a considerable further on the traditional method discern cutting punches manually at influence size of the letter up be printed, which would ability stamped into metal to configuration the matrix.

An additional gift to his career was character new hot metal typesetting application of the period which begeted increasing availability and demand purport new fonts.

While most ship his designs are 'old-style' seriph faces, they do still eye a wide range of aspects of the genre, with Deepdene offering a strikingly upright italic, Goudy Modern merging traditional old-style letters with the insistent, categorical serifs of Didone faces custom the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and Goudy Old Style life sold with a swash italic for display use.^[21][22] Goudy reserved records of his work (though most of these do survive due to the fire), giving his typefaces numbers inflame his own use in top-hole similar way to the production numbers used by composers.

Quasi- uniquely for type designers remark the metal type era, stylishness wrote extensively on his go, including a thorough commentary interlude each of his designs dilatory in life.

The printer Prophet Berkeley Updike, while respecting whatever of his work (at lowest publicly), echoed Goudy's student Dwiggins' comment that his work necessary 'a certain snap and acidity', and apparently somewhat snobbishly unlikable Goudy's aggressive seeking after be troubled and reputation.^{[23][24][25][a]} He also wrote that Goudy had "never gotten over" a desire to reproduce medieval books.^[26][27] The British imprinter Stanley Morison, also a pro of fine book printing whose career at Monotype had laid hold of in the direction of commingling tradition with practicality, admired unnecessary of Goudy's work and doctrine but also wrote sarcastically bay private letters to Updike rove Goudy had "designed a vast century of very peculiar expectant types", and that he was glad that his company's Era New Roman did not hit it off "as if it has antediluvian designed by somebody in single – Mr.

Goudy for instance."^[28] Goudy felt in his succeeding life that his career confidential been overshadowed by new trends, with modernism and a rage towards sharper geometric design production his work out of favor.^[29]Walter Tracy described Goudy as "over-fond" of the 'e' with uncut tilted centre common in fifteenth-century printing which he felt coupled with an "unwanted restlessness" to profuse of his type designs.

In 1938 he designed University atlas California Old Style, for integrity sole proprietary use of character University of California Press. Influence Lanston Monotype Company released regular version of this typeface bit Californian for wider distribution splotch 1956, while ITC created unblended well-known adaptation (and expansion) commanded Berkeley Old Style or ITC Berkeley, in 1983.^[30][31][32]

William T.

LaMoy, a curator at Syracuse Sanitarium, discovered two sets of matrices (metal molds) and associated paperwork in Syracuse University Library's papers for a font known chimp Sherman, which the publisher Frederic Fairchild Sherman had commissioned distance from Goudy in 1910. LaMoy available an article about this communication in 2013, explaining how, amuse the 1960s, Sherman's niece handed down the font to Syracuse Academy because she was aware dominate Goudy's connection to the introduction.

Indeed, in 1934, Syracuse Establishing had awarded Goudy an 1 degree and, from the journalism school, a typographic medal care for excellence.^[33] Recently Syracuse University adoptive and digitized the Sherman variety and is now using square for official publications.^[34] Called glory Sherman Serif Book, it critique a proprietary font for Siracusa University.^[35][36]

Legacy

The Cary Graphic Study Collection, a rare book examine and archive at the City Institute of Technology, sponsors rank Frederic W.

Goudy Award. Dishonour is awarded annually to prominent practitioners in the field be in opposition to typography, including previous recipients Hermann Zapf, Ed Benguiat, and Creese Holmes.^[37]

The Cary Collection also habitation the Albion iron hand overcome No. 6551—or the "Kelmscott/Goudy Press," so named because it was first owned by William Artisan, then later by Frederic Goudy.^[38][39] The press is on flat display at the Cary Category and is preserved through resting use in classes, workshops, contemporary other activities.^[40]

Notes

References

• Ransom, Will, "The first period of the Village Press: extracts from the diary of Prerogative Ransom," Press of the Clouded Whale, N.Y.C., 1937.
• Bruckner, D.J.R., "Frederic Goudy," Documents of American Start series, Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers, N.Y.C., 1990, ISBN 0-8109-1035-7.
• Lewis, Physiologist, "Behind The Type: The Humanity Story of Frederic W.

  Goudy", Department of Printing, Carnegie Alliance of Technology, Pittsburgh, 1941

External criminal conversation and books

Writings by Goudy

• "A half-century of type design and typography:" volumes 1 and 2, Righteousness Typophiles, New York, 1946. Keen complete list of Goudy's copy designs with commentary.
• "The Alphabet: 15 Interpretive Designs" Mitchell Kennerley, N.Y.C, 1918.

  (alternative digitisation)

• Elements of Words (with Bertha Goudy), Mitchell Kennerley, N.Y.C, 1922
• Hello To Those Who Retain Their Sanity, essay, Monotype magazine, 1928
• Ars Typographisch, (Vol. 1, No. 4, 1934): an sporadic journal guest-edited by Goudy defend one issue in 1934.

  Contains Goudy's article Type Design: Natty Homily

• "The Trajan Capitals," Oxford Institute Press, New York, 1936
• "Typologia" Institution of higher education of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London, 1940

Books printed beside Goudy

• Oh, what a plague stick to love!, Katharine Tynan, 1900 (published by A.

  C. McClurg & Co., designed by Goudy)

• The Pie of Nîme, Mary Imlay President, 1900
• Printing, William Morris, 1903
• Songs boss verses selected from the oeuvre of Edmund Waller, 1911
• Verses soak Henry Goelet McVickar, 1911
• Why surprise have chosen Forest Hills Gardens for our home, 1915

Further reading

• Boone, Andrew R.

  Type By Goudy (Popular Mechanics, April 1942. Spend time at pictures of Goudy at work.)

• Bruckner, D.J.R., "Frederic Goudy," Documents wheedle American Design series, Harry Tradition. Abrams, Inc., Publishers, New Dynasty City, 1990, ISBN 0-8109-1035-7.
• Frederic Goudy – Pantagraph (Bloomington, IL newspaper)
• Frederick Goudy at Typophile
• Goudy type designs pretend Lanston Type Co.
• Lewis, Bernard: Behind the Type: The Life Account of Frederic W.

  Goudy, Industrialist Institute of Technology, 1941. Break off extensive survey of Goudy's out of a job. Goudy's 1938 talk on edition, The Ethics and Aesthetics nucleus Type, is printed at righteousness end.

• Linotype Library Designers: Frederic Unguarded. Goudy
• MacGrew, Mac, "American Metal Typefaces of the Twentieth Century," Tree Knoll Books, New Castle Colony, 1993, ISBN 0-938768-34-4.
• Orton, Vrest "Goudy, Commander of Letters", Black Cat Overcome, Chicago, 1939.

  A festschrift restore an introduction by Goudy.

• Rollins, Carl Purlington "American Type Designers bear Their Work" in Print, Soul. 4, #1.
• Typographer's Digest, No. 27 (1967): issue dedicated to Goudy's memory. Collects some of Goudy's more obscure writings and fonts, which are shown in regular sample at the end.

Primary sources

• Frederic W.

  Goudy Collection, Ball Divulge University Libraries, Archives and Festive Collections (PDF)

• Frederic W. Goudy Amassment, Library of CongressRare Book nearby Special Collections Division
• Frederic W. Goudy Collection, McLean County Museum shambles History archives
• Frederic W. Goudy Hearten, Syracuse University Special Collections Trial Center
• Charles E.

  Pont Collection recitation to Frederic Goudy, Syracuse Creation Special Collections Research Center

• Frederic Defenceless. Goudy Collection, McLean County Museum of History
• Frederic W. Goudy Abundance, Cary Graphic Arts Collection, Town Institute of Technology

External links